It's a long established and well known fact of economics that consumption taxes tend to be regressive. In simplest terms, the less money a person has, the greater the portion of their budget that must be spent on consumable goods. The higher a person's income, the more of their money into investments and other non-consumption activities, leaving it untaxed. Or, to put it another way, consumption taxes tax consumers, and the poor have no spare money to direct away from consumption--it is all consumption.
And yes, you can craft consumption taxes so that they exempt basic goods like food and fuel, but that is a blanket carve out, so you are also exempting the wealthy who don't need such an exemption. Still the bill must be paid, so that difference must be made up elsewhere.
Whereas with an income tax you can structure it progressively with exemptions that apply only to the poor, minimizing the burden on those least able to pay and shifting a greater part of the burden to those most able to bear it. The latter of which, those on top of the socioeconomic pyramid, are also those who most benefit from a stable status quo.
Of course it's also true that you can craft those laws poorly and corruptly to benefit the wealthy (the thoroughly debunked Republican trickle-down nonsense) but setting aside the quality of execution, yes, income taxes are more progressive and consumption taxes more regressive.
And yes, I am in the US, but I'm perfectly fine with taxes. I live in a high tax area, but I'd be happy to pay more for a better social safety net, national health care, better primary and secondary education etc.