The words 'consultation'(advise and discuss), and 'surrendering'seem to be a contradiction in terms. Consultation implies reasonable negotiation while surrendering means to accede or 'agree'while under the burden of unequal power distribution over whatever the issue is. We then have to ask the nature of these 'consultations'in view of dominating factors of the time such as language, cultural differences, strife, and saturation or and of one culture presiding over another.Simply because those older generations signed a legal document admitting to prior consultation before land was surrendered; does not prove however, that they were NOT bludgeoned into doing so by a well considered but overwhelming imbalance of power. Indeed, consultation does not have to be neutral, on the contrary it is a tool of persuasion at its tamest, and most damning at its worst.